{"time": "2013-04-23 11:10:00", "attribution": {"en": "Hon. Irwin Cotler (Mount Royal, Lib.)", "fr": "L'hon. Irwin Cotler (Mont-Royal, Lib.)"}, "content": {"en": "<p data-HoCid=\"3283969\" data-originallang=\"en\">Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to rise on the matter of Bill <a data-HoCid=\"5385776\" href=\"/bills/41-1/S-7/\" title=\"An Act to amend the Criminal Code, the Canada Evidence Act and the Security of Information Act\">S-7</a>, legislation that proposes a number of amendments to Canada's anti-terrorism regime, including provisions respecting the re-enactment of preventive arrests and investigative hearings. As members will know, these provisions expired in 2007 and have, on numerous occasions, been the subject of my remarks in the House and in writings of mine over the years, dating back to the tabling of the original Anti-terrorism Act, Bill <a data-HoCid=\"73328\" href=\"/bills/37-1/C-36/\" title=\"An Act to amend the Criminal Code, the Official Secrets Act, the Canada Evidence Act, the Proceeds of Crime (Money Laundering) Act and other Acts, and to enact measures respecting the registration of charities in order to combat terrorism\">C-36</a> in 2001.</p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283970\" data-originallang=\"en\">It perhaps goes without saying that this debate began in the period following the horrific events of 9/11, which was characterized at the time as a period when the whole world was changed. Back then the Liberal government of the day introduced provisions for preventive arrests and investigative hearings as components of the larger Anti-terrorism Act. Soon after Bill C-36 in the House in its original form was tabled, I rose in the House and expressed some 10 civil libertarian concerns with respect to that projected draft of the Anti-terrorism Act, including the provisions relating to preventive detention and investigative hearings. I elaborated on these matters in a series of articles and recommended that the provisions be sunsetted after three years, later extended to five years, pending comprehensive parliamentary review, and the government agreed. With that as well as the majority of my other concerns being addressed, some eight out of the ten, I ended up supporting the legislation. </p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283971\" data-originallang=\"en\">Regrettably, by 2007, when the provisions were scheduled to sunset pending a parliamentary motion to extend them, the House and special Senate committees had not yet completed their studies of the Anti-terrorism Act due to repeated delays including the dissolution of Parliament in 2004 and 2006. Nevertheless, the Conservative government went ahead with proposing the extension of the provisions without taking the views of these parliamentary committees into account, leaving House members with little insight into the experience of the provisions in effect. The result was a highly politicized and partisan debate, rife with what I could only describe at the time as bumper-sticker slogans and smears instead of a debate on the merits of the policy, a policy with which reasonable people can and do reasonably disagree. Indeed, I regretted the references made by ministers of the Crown at the time that somehow our party was soft on terrorism for simply wanting to debate these provisions, especially considering that it was a Liberal government that introduced the Anti-terrorism Act in the first place.</p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283972\" data-originallang=\"en\">With Bill <a data-HoCid=\"5385776\" href=\"/bills/41-1/S-7/\" title=\"An Act to amend the Criminal Code, the Canada Evidence Act and the Security of Information Act\">S-7</a> now stipulating that preventive arrest and investigative hearings be once again subject to a five-year sunset clause, I offer my support today with the expectation that if enacted, parliamentary committees will be given the opportunity and resources necessary to undertake full review of the provisions in question during the next trial period and well in advance of any debate to extend it once again. Indeed, any decision made by Parliament that affects the security and rights of all Canadians must be reasoned, thoughtful, evidence-based and not rushed as a matter of political expediency.</p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283973\" data-originallang=\"en\">The critical issue here is one of principled balance. We must, on the one hand, seek to combat terrorism and keep Canadians safe from terrorist threats and attacks, while at the same time protecting our individual freedoms as enshrined in the charter. These are not, however, mutually exclusive objectives. Indeed, an appropriate and effective anti-terrorism strategy must view security and rights not as concepts in conflict, not as a zero sum game, but as values that are inextricably linked.</p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283974\" data-originallang=\"en\">Let me articulate a number of basic principles in this regard. First, terrorism itself must be seen as being, in effect, an assault on the security of a democracy like Canada and an assault on our fundamental rights such as the right to life, liberty and security of the person. Accordingly, anti-terrorism law and policy may be said to constitute the promotion and protection of the security of democracy and fundamental human rights in the most profound sense. At the same time, however, the implementation and enforcement of such anti-terrorism law must always comport with the rule of law, must always adhere to the principles of the charter. Torture, for example, must never be allowed to be used and must always comport as well with our international legal obligations.</p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283975\" data-originallang=\"en\">The second and related principle is that we are not simply talking here about a domestic criminal justice model. We are talking about is an international criminal justice model. We are not talking, as the courts and others have said, of the ordinary criminal. We are talking about the transnational terrorist threat. </p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283976\" data-originallang=\"en\">This brings me to a third principle, which the Supreme Court has itself enunciated, namely the contextual principle; that we cannot view these issues in the abstract but we must view them in terms of the realities as they have unfolded in this regard. Also, we must appreciate that Canadian anti-terrorism law is inextricably bound with the international criminal justice system and the invocation and application of international law treaties, the invocation of general principles of law recognized by the community of nations. For example, section 11(g) of the charter on this point says that retroactivity shall not avail when the crimes are those that run afoul of \u201cthe general principles of law recognized by the community of nations\u201d. Therefore, in this regard, it recognizes that the international criminal justice model departs sometimes from the domestic model.</p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283977\" data-originallang=\"en\">UN Security mandates must also be taken into account, bilateral and multilateral agreements and so forth. In particular, Security Council resolution 1373, enacted following 9/11, mandates that all states take \u201cadditional measures to prevent and suppress, in their territories through all lawful means, the financing and preparation of any acts of terrorism\u201d. These standards must be met by our anti-terrorism legislation, if for no other reason than that we cannot have the appropriate or factual understanding of the dynamics involved in our domestic counterterrorism measures if we view them in a vacuum, if we view them as abstracted from the global circumstances and precedents or if we view them, as the Supreme Court has said, out of context without resort to an appreciation of the contextual principle.</p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283978\" data-originallang=\"en\">However, beyond the abstract in that regard, let us be clear. The threat of transnational terrorism is real and Canada is not unaffected by it, as the recent events, whether they be in Boston or the aborted terrorist attack now in Canada, indicate. Indeed, Canadians have been implicated in terrorist attacks abroad as recently as last month in Algeria, last year in Bulgaria and just two days ago with regard to an arrest in Bulgaria. This is precisely why Bill <a data-HoCid=\"5385776\" href=\"/bills/41-1/S-7/\" title=\"An Act to amend the Criminal Code, the Canada Evidence Act and the Security of Information Act\">S-7</a> also makes it a crime to leave or attempt to leave Canada to participate in terrorist activities. Moreover, Canadians have been killed in terrorist attacks, tragically in the case of 9/11 but also thereafter.</p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283979\" data-originallang=\"en\"> Accordingly, our commitment to civil liberties must always be consistent with regard to the protection of human rights as a whole, and we must take the necessary concrete and decisive actions to prevent terrorist attacks. In the words of two former Supreme Court justices, the Hon. Frank Iacobucci and the Hon. Louise Arbour, who also spent several years as the UN Commissioner for Human Rights, the Constitution is not a suicide pact and \u201c[t]he challenge for democracies in the battle against terrorism is not whether to respond, but rather how to do so\u201d.</p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283980\" data-originallang=\"en\">Preventive arrests and investigative hearings can be effective, limited and lawful counterterrorism measures. Indeed, the Supreme Court, in the matter of investigative hearings has held them to be constitutional, stating that they do not violate an individual's charter rights against self-incrimination, as evidence derived from such hearings cannot be used against the person except in perjury prosecutions. Moreover, the provisions are not otherwise unknown in Canadian law, and similar provisions already exist in the Coroners Act and the Inquiries Act, and I can go on.</p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283981\" data-originallang=\"en\"> In the matter of preventive arrests, these too are not a new invocation of principle and policy. Preventive arrests are effectively the invocation of a peace bond process set forth in section 810 of the Criminal Code, which has been used to protect against criminal violence such as domestic violence, sexual violence and organized crime, and now extends them to suspected terrorist activities.</p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283982\" data-originallang=\"en\"> In addition, preventive arrests and investigative hearings as set forth in Bill <a data-HoCid=\"5385776\" href=\"/bills/41-1/S-7/\" title=\"An Act to amend the Criminal Code, the Canada Evidence Act and the Security of Information Act\">S-7</a> seek to respect Canadians' individual and collective rights through safeguards and principles of transparency. In this regard, it is important to appreciate that there are three safeguards in the bill, and I was involved with respect to the initiation of these safeguards. Reference has been made to the safeguards, and we must appreciate that there is an executive requirement for the consent of the Attorney General and therefore objective oversight in that regard. With parliamentary oversight and the requirements for annual reports from both federal ministers concerned and with Bill S-7, they must not only detail how often the provisions are used, but also make a case for why they should be extended.</p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283983\" data-originallang=\"en\">Furthermore, there is judicial oversight with respect to investigative hearings, and in the event of an arrest, the individual must be brought before a judge, typically within 24 hours, contrasting with the situation that is in the United States or with the situation in the United Kingdom and the like.</p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283984\" data-originallang=\"en\">Notwithstanding these safeguards, I understand why some members, maybe even from all parties, remain uncomfortable with the proposed measures. They are indeed extraordinary provisions, though extraordinary provisions to combat extraordinary threats.</p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283985\" data-originallang=\"en\">I do not, however, share the view offered by some in the House that because the provisions, and we heard this again in debate, were seldom used, in effect they are somehow unnecessary now. In fact, their lack of use can equally demonstrate that they are not abused, that they are truly measures of last\u2014</p>", "fr": "<p data-HoCid=\"3283969\" data-originallang=\"en\">Monsieur le Pr\u00e9sident, je suis heureux de prendre la parole au sujet du projet de loi <a data-HoCid=\"5385776\" href=\"/bills/41-1/S-7/\" title=\"An Act to amend the Criminal Code, the Canada Evidence Act and the Security of Information Act\">S-7</a>, qui vise \u00e0 modifier le r\u00e9gime antiterroriste du Canada, dans le but notamment de remettre en vigueur les dispositions permettant les arrestations pr\u00e9ventives et les investigations. Comme les d\u00e9put\u00e9s le savent, ces dispositions ont expir\u00e9 en 2007 et ont fait l'objet d'observations de ma part \u00e0 de nombreuses occasions, aux Communes et dans des \u00e9crits, depuis le d\u00e9p\u00f4t de la version originale de la Loi antiterroriste, le projet de loi <a data-HoCid=\"73328\" href=\"/bills/37-1/C-36/\" title=\"An Act to amend the Criminal Code, the Official Secrets Act, the Canada Evidence Act, the Proceeds of Crime (Money Laundering) Act and other Acts, and to enact measures respecting the registration of charities in order to combat terrorism\">C-36</a>, en 2001.</p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283970\" data-originallang=\"en\">Il va sans dire que ce sont les \u00e9v\u00e9nements horribles du 11 septembre 2001 qui ont provoqu\u00e9 le d\u00e9bat auquel nous prenons part aujourd'hui. Ces \u00e9v\u00e9nements ont \u00e9t\u00e9 qualifi\u00e9s \u00e0 l'\u00e9poque de tournant \u00e0 partir duquel le monde entier allait changer. Le gouvernement lib\u00e9ral du moment a inclus les dispositions sur les arrestations pr\u00e9ventives et les investigations dans la Loi antiterroriste, qui comptait aussi d'autres dispositions. Peu de temps apr\u00e8s le d\u00e9p\u00f4t \u00e0 la Chambre du projet de loi C-36 dans sa forme originale, j'ai pris la parole dans cette enceinte pour soulever 10 objections concernant le non-respect des libert\u00e9s civiles dans ce projet de loi, y compris dans les dispositions sur la d\u00e9tention pr\u00e9ventive et les investigations. J'ai explicit\u00e9 mon point de vue sur cette question dans une s\u00e9rie d'articles et j'ai recommand\u00e9 que les dispositions en question ne s'appliquent que pendant trois ans, dur\u00e9e qui a par la suite \u00e9t\u00e9 augment\u00e9e jusqu'\u00e0 cinq ans. Au bout de cette p\u00e9riode, un examen parlementaire complet de ces dispositions aurait lieu pour d\u00e9terminer s'il fallait les renouveler ou non. Le gouvernement \u00e9tait d'accord. Voyant qu'on avait inclus une disposition de caducit\u00e9 et qu'on avait tenu compte de la plupart de mes objections, c'est-\u00e0-dire huit sur dix, j'ai d\u00e9cid\u00e9 de me prononcer pour l'adoption du projet de loi.</p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283971\" data-originallang=\"en\"> Malheureusement, en 2007, date \u00e0 laquelle les dispositions qui arrivaient \u00e0 expiration devaient \u00eatre reconduites par une motion parlementaire, les comit\u00e9s de la Chambre et du S\u00e9nat saisis de la question n\u2019avaient pas encore termin\u00e9 leur examen de la Loi antiterroriste, suite \u00e0 de nombreux retards caus\u00e9s, entre autres, par la dissolution du Parlement en 2004 et 2006. Cela n\u2019a pas emp\u00each\u00e9 le gouvernement conservateur de proposer de reconduire ces dispositions sans tenir compte des remarques de ces comit\u00e9s parlementaires, de sorte que les d\u00e9put\u00e9s n\u2019ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 inform\u00e9s des r\u00e9sultats de l\u2019application desdites dispositions. Cela a donn\u00e9 lieu \u00e0 des \u00e9changes tr\u00e8s politis\u00e9s et tr\u00e8s partisans, o\u00f9 fusaient les insultes et les slogans \u00e0 l\u2019emporte-pi\u00e8ce, alors qu\u2019il aurait fallu avoir un vrai d\u00e9bat sur les m\u00e9rites de la politique propos\u00e9e, politique que des gens raisonnables r\u00e9futent et ont le droit de r\u00e9futer. Je regrette en l\u2019occurrence les propos tenus par des ministres de l\u2019\u00e9poque, qui accusaient notre parti de faire preuve de laxisme \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9gard du terrorisme alors que nous r\u00e9clamions simplement un d\u00e9bat sur ces dispositions, d\u2019autant plus que c\u2019\u00e9tait un gouvernement lib\u00e9ral qui avait propos\u00e9 le projet de loi au d\u00e9part. </p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283972\" data-originallang=\"en\">Aujourd\u2019hui, le projet de loi <a data-HoCid=\"5385776\" href=\"/bills/41-1/S-7/\" title=\"An Act to amend the Criminal Code, the Canada Evidence Act and the Security of Information Act\">S-7</a> pr\u00e9voit que les dispositions concernant l\u2019arrestation pr\u00e9ventive et les investigations seront \u00e0 nouveau assujetties \u00e0 un r\u00e9examen quinquennal, ce que j\u2019approuve en esp\u00e9rant que, si le projet de loi est adopt\u00e9, les comit\u00e9s qui en seront saisis disposeront du temps et des ressources n\u00e9cessaires pour faire un examen approfondi desdites dispositions pendant les cinq prochaines ann\u00e9es, et que ce soit fait bien avant qu\u2019on ait un autre d\u00e9bat sur leur reconduction. J\u2019estime que, lorsque le Parlement doit prendre une d\u00e9cision qui concerne la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et les droits de tous les Canadiens, il faut que le d\u00e9bat soit raisonn\u00e9, approfondi et fond\u00e9 sur des preuves, et que ce ne soit pas un exp\u00e9dient politique d\u00e9cid\u00e9 \u00e0 la va-vite. </p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283973\" data-originallang=\"en\">Ce qu\u2019il faut avant tout, c\u2019est trouver un juste \u00e9quilibre entre, d\u2019une part, la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de lutter contre le terrorisme et de tenir les Canadiens \u00e0 l\u2019abri de toute menace ou attaque terroriste, et, d\u2019autre part, la n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 de prot\u00e9ger nos libert\u00e9s individuelles telles qu\u2019elles sont consacr\u00e9es dans la Charte. Ce ne sont pas deux objectifs incompatibles. En fait, pour \u00eatre efficace, une strat\u00e9gie antiterroriste doit consid\u00e9rer la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et les droits non pas comme des concepts rivaux \u2014 si on en privil\u00e9gie un, c\u2019est au d\u00e9triment de l\u2019autre \u2014 mais comme des valeurs intrins\u00e8quement li\u00e9es.</p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283974\" data-originallang=\"en\">Permettez-moi de passer en revue un certain nombre de principes de base \u00e0 cet \u00e9gard. Premi\u00e8rement, le terrorisme en soi doit \u00eatre consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme une atteinte \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 d\u2019une d\u00e9mocratie comme le Canada et comme une atteinte \u00e0 nos valeurs fondamentales, notamment notre droit \u00e0 la vie, \u00e0 la libert\u00e9 et \u00e0 la s\u00e9curit\u00e9. Par cons\u00e9quent, on peut affirmer qu\u2019une loi et une strat\u00e9gie antiterroristes doivent se traduire par la promotion et la protection de la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de la d\u00e9mocratie et des droits fondamentaux au sens le plus profond des termes. Parall\u00e8lement, l\u2019application et l\u2019ex\u00e9cution d\u2019une loi antiterroriste doivent toujours respecter l\u2019\u00e9tat de droit et doivent toujours respecter les principes de la Charte. La torture, par exemple, ne doit jamais \u00eatre tol\u00e9r\u00e9e. Elles doivent aussi toujours respecter nos obligations juridiques internationales.</p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283975\" data-originallang=\"en\">Deuxi\u00e8mement, nous ne parlons pas ici d\u2019une affaire p\u00e9nale nationale, mais bien d\u2019un enjeu international. Comme l\u2019ont dit les tribunaux et d\u2019autres personnes, il ne s\u2019agit pas de d\u00e9linquants ordinaires, mais bien d\u2019une menace terroriste transnationale. </p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283976\" data-originallang=\"en\">Cela m\u2019am\u00e8ne au troisi\u00e8me principe, qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9nonc\u00e9 par la Cour supr\u00eame elle-m\u00eame. Je veux parler du principe contextuel selon lequel il faut replacer ces questions dans leur contexte r\u00e9el, plut\u00f4t que de les examiner dans l\u2019absolu. Il ne faut pas oublier non plus que la l\u00e9gislation antiterroriste du Canada est \u00e9troitement li\u00e9e au droit p\u00e9nal international, aux trait\u00e9s juridiques internationaux et aux principes juridiques g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement accept\u00e9s par la communaut\u00e9 des nations. Par exemple, l\u2019alin\u00e9a 11g) de la Charte dispose que la r\u00e9troactivit\u00e9 ne s\u2019applique pas lorsque l\u2019infraction \u00ab n\u2019avait pas de caract\u00e8re criminel d\u2019apr\u00e8s les principes g\u00e9n\u00e9raux de droit reconnus par l\u2019ensemble des nations \u00bb. Elle reconna\u00eet par cons\u00e9quent que le droit p\u00e9nal international est parfois diff\u00e9rent du droit interne d\u2019un pays.</p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283977\" data-originallang=\"en\"> Il faut \u00e9galement tenir en compte des mandats de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de l\u2019ONU, des ententes bilat\u00e9rales et multilat\u00e9rales, et cetera. En particulier, la r\u00e9solution 1373 du Conseil de s\u00e9curit\u00e9, adopt\u00e9e \u00e0 la suite des attentats du 11 septembre, demande \u00e0 tous les \u00c9tats de prendre \u00ab des mesures suppl\u00e9mentaires pour pr\u00e9venir et r\u00e9primer sur leur territoire, par tous les moyens licites, le financement et la pr\u00e9paration de tout acte de terrorisme \u00bb. Notre l\u00e9gislation antiterroriste doit r\u00e9pondre \u00e0 cette demande, ne serait-ce que parce que nous ne r\u00e9ussirons pas \u00e0 d\u00e9finir correctement ces situations dans nos mesures antiterroristes si nous les prenons hors de leur contexte, sans tenir compte des circonstances et des pr\u00e9c\u00e9dents internationaux, sans prendre en compte le principe contextuel, comme l\u2019a dit la Cour supr\u00eame. </p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283978\" data-originallang=\"en\">Cela dit, il ne fait aucun doute que la menace terroriste transnationale est bien r\u00e9elle et que le Canada n\u2019est pas \u00e9pargn\u00e9, comme l\u2019ont montr\u00e9 de r\u00e9cents \u00e9v\u00e9nements, que ce soit \u00e0 Boston ou l\u2019attentat manqu\u00e9 au Canada. On sait que des Canadiens ont \u00e9t\u00e9 impliqu\u00e9s dans des attaques terroristes \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9tranger, pas plus tard que le mois dernier, en Alg\u00e9rie, l\u2019an dernier en Bulgarie, et il y a tout juste deux jours, une personne a \u00e9t\u00e9 arr\u00eat\u00e9e en Bulgarie. C\u2019est pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment la raison pour laquelle le projet de loi <a data-HoCid=\"5385776\" href=\"/bills/41-1/S-7/\" title=\"An Act to amend the Criminal Code, the Canada Evidence Act and the Security of Information Act\">S-7</a> \u00e9rige en infraction le fait de quitter ou d\u2019essayer de quitter le Canada pour participer \u00e0 des activit\u00e9s terroristes. N\u2019oublions pas non plus que des Canadiens ont p\u00e9ri dans des attentats terroristes, notamment ceux du 11 septembre et d\u2019autres plus tard. </p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283979\" data-originallang=\"en\">Par cons\u00e9quent, la protection des libert\u00e9s civiles doit aller de pair avec la protection de l\u2019ensemble des droits humains, et nous devons prendre des mesures concr\u00e8tes et d\u00e9cisives pour pr\u00e9venir les attaques terroristes. Permettez-moi de citer ici deux anciens juges de la Cour supr\u00eame, l\u2019honorable Frank Iacobucci et l\u2019honorable Louise Arbour, laquelle a aussi pr\u00e9sid\u00e9 le Haut-commissariat aux droits de l\u2019homme de l\u2019ONU pendant plusieurs ann\u00e9es; selon eux, la Constitution n\u2019est pas un pacte suicidaire et \u00ab le d\u00e9fi que les d\u00e9mocraties sont appel\u00e9es \u00e0 relever dans la lutte contre le terrorisme n\u2019est pas de savoir si elles doivent r\u00e9agir, mais plut\u00f4t comment elles doivent le faire \u00bb. </p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283980\" data-originallang=\"en\">L\u2019arrestation pr\u00e9ventive et les investigations peuvent \u00eatre des mesures efficaces, limit\u00e9es et licites pour lutter contre le terrorisme. En fait, la Cour supr\u00eame a dit des investigations qu\u2019elles ne violent ni la Constitution, ni les droits garantis par la Charte en mati\u00e8re d\u2019auto-incrimination puisque les preuves obtenues dans le cadre de ces investigations ne peuvent pas \u00eatre utilis\u00e9es contre la personne sauf en cas de parjure. De plus, ces dispositions existent d\u00e9j\u00e0 dans des lois canadiennes, comme la Loi sur les coroners et la Loi sur les enqu\u00eates, entre autres.</p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283981\" data-originallang=\"en\">S\u2019agissant des arrestations pr\u00e9ventives, ce n\u2019est pas l\u00e0 non plus un nouveau principe ou une nouvelle politique. L'arrestation pr\u00e9ventive est en fait le recours \u00e0 un engagement de ne pas troubler l\u2019ordre public, tel que pr\u00e9vu \u00e0 l\u2019article 810 du Code criminel, pour prot\u00e9ger une personne contre des actes de violence, comme la violence conjugale, la violence sexuelle et le crime organis\u00e9, et on \u00e9largit aujourd\u2019hui ce concept aux activit\u00e9s de terrorisme pr\u00e9sum\u00e9es. </p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283982\" data-originallang=\"en\"> En outre, les arrestations pr\u00e9ventives et les investigations que propose le projet de loi <a data-HoCid=\"5385776\" href=\"/bills/41-1/S-7/\" title=\"An Act to amend the Criminal Code, the Canada Evidence Act and the Security of Information Act\">S-7</a> cherchent \u00e0 respecter les droits individuels et collectifs des Canadiens au moyen de protections et de principes de transparence. \u00c0 cet \u00e9gard, il importe de souligner que le projet de loi pr\u00e9voit trois mesures de protection, que j'ai particip\u00e9 \u00e0 mettre en place. Les mesures de protection ont \u00e9t\u00e9 mentionn\u00e9es et nous devons souligner qu'il y a une exigence administrative d'obtention du consentement du procureur g\u00e9n\u00e9ral et, par cons\u00e9quent, une surveillance objective \u00e0 cet \u00e9gard, de m\u00eame qu'une surveillance parlementaire et l'obligation, pour les deux ministres f\u00e9d\u00e9raux concern\u00e9s, de pr\u00e9senter un rapport annuel dans lequel, en vertu du projet de loi S-7, ils sont tenus non seulement de d\u00e9tailler la fr\u00e9quence \u00e0 laquelle les dispositions sont employ\u00e9es, mais \u00e9galement de justifier leur prolongation.</p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283983\" data-originallang=\"en\">Par ailleurs, les investigations font l'objet d'une surveillance judiciaire. En effet, en cas d'arrestation, l'individu doit compara\u00eetre devant un juge, en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral dans les 24 heures suivant son arrestation, contrairement \u00e0 ce qui est pr\u00e9vu aux \u00c9tats-Unis, au Royaume-Uni et ailleurs.</p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283984\" data-originallang=\"en\">Malgr\u00e9 ces protections, je comprends pourquoi certains d\u00e9put\u00e9s, probablement au sein de tous les partis, demeurent h\u00e9sitants \u00e0 l'\u00e9gard des mesures propos\u00e9es. Il s'agit effectivement de dispositions extraordinaires, quoique pour lutter contre des menaces extraordinaires.</p>\n<p data-HoCid=\"3283985\" data-originallang=\"en\">Toutefois, je ne partage pas l'opinion exprim\u00e9e par certains \u00e0 la Chambre selon laquelle, \u00e9tant donn\u00e9 que les dispositions \u2014 et cet argument a encore \u00e9t\u00e9 invoqu\u00e9 dans le pr\u00e9sent d\u00e9bat \u2014 ont rarement \u00e9t\u00e9 utilis\u00e9es, elles ne sont plus n\u00e9cessaires. En fait, leur faible utilisation prouve tout autant qu'elles ne sont pas utilis\u00e9es abusivement, qu'elles constituent r\u00e9ellement des mesures de dernier...</p>"}, "url": "/debates/2013/4/23/irwin-cotler-1/", "politician_url": "/politicians/irwin-cotler/", "politician_membership_url": "/politicians/memberships/3673/", "procedural": false, "source_id": "7973196", "h1": {"en": "Government Orders", "fr": "Initiatives Minist\u00e9rielles"}, "h2": {"en": "Combating Terrorism Act", "fr": "Loi sur la lutte contre le terrorisme"}, "document_url": "/debates/2013/4/23/", "related": {"document_speeches_url": "/speeches/?document=%2Fdebates%2F2013%2F4%2F23%2F"}}